Indonesian Journal of Environment and Disaster
The Indonesian Journal of Environment and Disaster (IJED) is a multi- disciplinary journal covering environment and disaster science and its implementation in society and development. Published by Center for Research and Disaster Management, Research and Community Service, Universitas Sebelas Maret , Indonesia, and in collaboration with Forum Perguruan Tinggi untuk Pengurangan Risiko Bencana (FPTPRB) (LoA, Website). The articles at IJED are expected to contain facts, problems and directions for solving problems regarding the environment and disasters both occurring in Indonesia and abroad. Coverage includes, but is not limited to, the following research topics and areas: Environment Abiotic environment Biotic environment Social and cultural Environment Impact development to environment Environment management Disaster Disaster Preparedness Emergency Response Rehabilitation and reconstruction Mitigation and Adaptation Impact of development to disaster Disaster management Disaster Innovation & Technology Education Environment Education Disaster Education Comprehensive School Safety (SPAB) The Indonesian Journal of Environment and Disaster (IJED) is published one year twice in April and October.
Disaster Research Center, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Surakarta, Indonesia
THE EFFECT OF DISASTER MITIGATION LEARNING ON TOURISM STUDENTS' DISASTER KNOWLEDGE IN LOMBOK, INDONESIA
This study aims to explore the effect of disaster mitigation learning on tourism students' disaster knowledge. This quantitative study employs a one-group pretest-posttest quasi-experimental design to evaluate the effect of disaster mitigation education on the knowledge of tourism students. The population of this study consists of all students enrolled in the mandatory Disaster Mitigation course within the Tourism Diploma Program (DIII) at Universitas Mataram. The respondents were 94 college students, sampled by census. The assessments were conducted using a knowledge test questionnaire about disaster knowledge. The Wilcoxon Signed-Rank Test result showed the significance 0.000 that was less than 0.05, indicating a statistically significant difference between pretest and posttest score. The result showed that a semester-long disaster mitigation learning in Mataram University Tourism Study Program was proven to increase students’ knowledge about the types of disasters, disaster occurrence, risks in campus buildings and tourism destinations, disaster impacts, actions during disasters, and evacuation requirements.
Disaster Knowledge; Disaster Education; Disaster Mitigation; Disaster Mitigation Learning; Lombok; Tourism Student
Copyright (c) 2026 Indonesian Journal of Environment and Disaster https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
PERAN DUKUNGAN SOSIAL BADAN PENANGGULANGAN BENCANA DAERAH (BPBD) DALAM PENANGANAN KORBAN BENCANA DI KOTA SURAKARTA
THE ROLE OF SOCIAL SUPPORT FROM THE REGIONAL DISASTER MANAGEMENT AGENCY (BPBD) IN HANDLING DISASTER VICTIMS IN SURAKARTA CITY Natural disasters are events that can cause damage and loss of life. Natural disasters are unavoidable events that often leave deep scars of suffering for the individuals and communities affected. Disaster management in Surakarta City is regulated in an integrated manner by the Regional Disaster Management Agency (BPBD) of Surakarta City, which focuses on mitigation, preparedness, emergency response, and recovery. In handling disaster victims, social support is a very important factor. This study aims to determine the role of social support provided by BPBD officers in handling disaster victims in Surakarta City. This study uses a qualitative approach with data collection techniques in the form of interviews and participatory observation, which were conducted directly through the involvement of seven BPBD officers as informants. The data analysis techniques used include data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion drawing. The results of the study indicate that BPBD officers provide good social support in handling disaster victims in Surakarta City. The social support provided includes emotional support, informational support, and instrumental support. This study also shows that social support plays an important and positive role for BPBD officers in carrying out their duties. Social support not only plays a role in the process of handling victims, but also functions as an effective stress reliever for officers in dealing with disaster situations.
BPBD; Disaster victims; Psychological first aid (PFA); Social support
ANALISIS PERMASALAHAN BANJIR DAN STRATEGI MITIGASI BENCANA BANJIR DI KABUPATEN KAMPAR PROVINSI RIAU
ANALYSIS OF FLOOD PROBLEMS AND FLOOD DISASTER MITIGATION STRATEGIES IN KAMPAR REGENCY, RIAU PROVINCE Kampar Regency in Riau Province is a flood-prone area where flood management efforts still require comprehensive improvement. Flood occurrences are influenced not only by natural factors but also by spatial planning, environmental management, and the roles of institutions and communities. This study aims to identify the causes of flooding, analyze mitigation efforts undertaken by the Regional Disaster Management Agency (RDMA) and local communities, and formulate appropriate strategies to reduce flood risk. The research was conducted in Sipungguk Village and Buluh Nipis Village, Kampar Regency, in May 2024 using a qualitative approach through observation, interviews, and documentation. The findings show that flooding is caused by prolonged high rainfall, lowland topography, overflow of the Kampar River influenced by the operation of the Koto Panjang Hydropower Reservoir, inadequate drainage systems, land-use change, and settlement development along riverbanks. Flood mitigation efforts by RDMA are still dominated by emergency response and short-term preparedness measures, including flood hazard mapping, evacuation, and community education, which have not significantly reduced flood risk. This study concludes that flood mitigation in Kampar Regency remains reactive and poorly integrated. Therefore, an integrated mitigation strategy is required, emphasizing institutional capacity strengthening, community-based risk management, environmental management, and coordination of water discharge regulation with the Koto Panjang Hydropower Plant.
Disaster Managements Strategies; Disaster Mitigation; Flooding; Kampar Regency; Problem Analysis
EVALUATING THE IMPLEMENTATION OF JEMBER REGENCY SPATIAL PLANNING REGULATION NO. 1 OF 2015 IN GEOMORPHOLOGICAL CONSERVATION OF HUMMOCKS (GUMUK)
Jember Regency in East Java, Indonesia, possesses a distinctive geomorphological landscape dominated by small, rounded hills locally referred to as gumuk. These landforms play a crucial ecological role as natural wind barriers, regulators of regional groundwater systems, and providers of habitats that support local biodiversity. Nevertheless, the rising demand for Category C mining resources has accelerated the exploitation of gumuk, posing serious threats to environmental sustainability and eroding Jember’s historical identity as the “City of a Thousand Gumuk.” This study employs a qualitative literature review to analyze the relationship between local spatial policies and conservation efforts, with particular attention to Jember Regional Regulation No. 1 of 2015 on Spatial Planning, which designates gumuk as a Geological Protected Area. The examination of historical disaster data, spatial patterns of extreme winds, and land-use transformation indicates an increasing susceptibility of Jember Regency to natural hazards, especially strong winds and flooding. The degradation and removal of gumuk due to mining activities reduce natural protective functions, heighten disaster risks, and disturb groundwater stability. Although regulatory frameworks exist, weak enforcement has resulted in persistent illegal mining, highlighting a significant disconnect between policy formulation and implementation. To mitigate these issues, the study recommends systematic mapping and zoning of gumuk based on scientific criteria, alongside strengthening public awareness and community involvement. Sustainable utilization through eco-tourism and youth-based entrepreneurship is also encouraged. In alignment with Law No. 32 of 2009 and the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs 11, 13, and 15), this paper concludes that conserving gumuk is vital for ecological resilience and the preservation of Jember’s regional identity.
Disaster risk; Gumuk; Illegal mining; Spatial planning policy; Wind hazard
ANALYSIS OF THE CAUSES, IMPACTS, AND MITIGATION STRATEGIES FOR TIDAL FLOOD DISASTERS IN DUMAI CITY
Tidal flooding in Dumai City has intensified in recent years, causing damage to settlements, infrastructure, and community livelihoods. However, previous studies predominantly focus on technical modeling and lack updated, field-based assessments of post-2020 conditions, especially regarding the effectiveness of recent mitigation efforts. This study aims to analyze the causes, impacts, and mitigation strategies of tidal flooding in Dumai by filling these research gaps. Using a qualitative approach, including semi-structured interviews with BPBD officers, relevant agencies, and affected residents, as well as field observations, the research reveals that tidal floods were triggered by high rainfall, tidal cycles, and inadequate drainage infrastructure before 2021. The impacts include damage to homes, furniture, vehicles, and public roads, as well as health and economic disruptions. Since the construction of 15 floodgates and water pumps in 2021, supported by mangrove planting and increased community participation, flood duration has drastically decreased from several days to approximately three hours. The study concludes that these strategies are effective but require ongoing maintenance and expansion. It is recommended that the government enhance drainage systems, widen mangrove rehabilitation areas, and accelerate relocation plans for high-risk households to ensure long-term resilience.
causes; Dumai city; impacts; mitigation strategies; tidal flood disaster
Karakteristik Tanah Longsor dan Perilaku Adaptasi Masyarakat Terhadap Ketahanan Wilayah di Desa Waimatan Kecamatan Ile Ape Timur
Landslide Characteristics and Community Adaptation Behavior Towards Regional Resilience in Waimatan Village, Ile Ape Timur District Landslides and community adaptation behavior in relation to regional resilience represent critical challenges in rural areas, including Waimatan Village, East Ile Ape District, Lembata Regency, Indonesia. This study aims to provide a comprehensive understanding of the geophysical and social factors influencing vulnerability levels and community adaptive capacity to landslide hazards. Specifically, the study focuses on: (1) identifying landslide characteristics that affect regional resilience in Waimatan Village, and (2) analyzing community adaptation behaviors in responding to landslide disasters. A qualitative approach with a case study design was employed. Data were collected through field observations, in-depth interviews with village authorities, community members, and the Regional Disaster Management Agency (BPBD), and photo documentation. The findings reveal that landslides in Waimatan Village are predominantly classified as debris flows and translational slides, occurring on slopes of 35°–45° with sandy clay soils that are highly susceptible to water saturation, primarily triggered by intense rainfall exceeding 150 mm/day. The study concludes that regional resilience can be strengthened through disaster-based spatial planning supported by landslide susceptibility maps, the construction of retaining structures and terracing, reforestation initiatives, and continuous community preparedness and capacity-building programs.
Community Adaptation; East Ile Ape; Landslide; Regional Resilience; Waimatan Village
KEARIFAN LOKAL MASYARAKAT DESA KRINJING DALAM UPAYA MITIGASI BENCANA ERUPSI GUNUNG MERAPI
LOCAL WISDOM OF THE KRINJING VILLAGE COMMUNITY IN MITIGATION EFFORTS TO MITIGATE THE DISASTER OF THE ERUPTION OF MOUNT MERAPI Indonesian society is certainly not far from local wisdom. This is especially true for communities living on the slopes of Volcano Merapi. This study was conducted in Krinjing Village, Dukun Subdistrict, Magelang Regency. The purpose of this study was to identify forms of local wisdom and their significance as a means of mitigating disasters caused by Volcano Merapi, and to obtain an overview of Krinjing Village, which is located in a disaster-prone area. This study used a descriptive qualitative approach as well as a spatial and environmental approach with data collection techniques of observation, interviews, and documentation. Local wisdom as mitigation includes Saparan, philosophy, slametan, and figures such as Wo Katorejo. Local wisdom as culture includes Wayangan, Jathilan, and Topeng Ireng. Community adaptation after the 2010 eruption includes the evacuation of sister villages to Deyangan Village, economic sector recovery, and the implementation of Standard Operating Procedures for preparedness. Local wisdom in Krinjing Village plays an important role in volcanic eruption mitigation by building solidarity and preparedness.
Adaptation; Disaster Mitigation; Local Wisdom; Mount Merapi Eruption
DETERMINANTS OF DISASTER MITIGATION FACILITIES IN INDONESIAN REGENCIES/CITIES: AN ANALYSIS BASED ON PODES 2024
Indonesia is widely recognized as one of the most disaster-prone nations globally; however, mitigation capacities at the regional level remain uneven. This study aims to analyze the determinants influencing the availability of disaster mitigation facilities across 514 regencies/cities in Indonesia. Utilizing secondary data from the 2024 Village Potential Statistics (PODES), the Indonesian Disaster Risk Index (IRBI), and other socio-economic indicators, this research employs multiple linear regression models to examine four mitigation indicators: Early Warning Systems (EWS), water area maintenance, safety equipment, and evacuation signage. The results reveal a critical gap between risk and readiness; regions with high disaster risk indices tend to have fewer structural mitigation facilities, suggesting significant resource constraints. On a positive note, social capital (gotong royong) and the Human Development Index (HDI) consistently prove to be significant drivers enhancing preparedness across all models. Conversely, poor telecommunication infrastructure serves as a major barrier to effective EWS and mitigation coordination. This research recommends strengthening community-based policies, improving digital infrastructure equity, and providing specific fiscal interventions for high-risk areas with low economic capacity.
Community Capacity; Disaster Risk; Disaster Mitigation; PODES 2024
PEMANFAATAN CITRA SATELIT RESOLUSI SANGAT TINGGI (CSRST) UNTUK PENYUSUNAN PETA DASAR RENCANA DETAIL TATA RUANG KECAMATAN GROGOL KABUPATEN SUKOHARJO
UTILIZATION OF VERY HIGH RESOLUTION SATELLITE IMAGERY (CSRST) FOR PREPARATION OF BASE MAP FOR DETAILED SPATIAL PLANNING OF GROGOL DISTRICT, SUKOHARJO REGENCY Maps can be drawn on a flat surface with a certain scale, numbering, projection, and georeference so that they can be a reference for making various thematic maps needed in compiling regional planning documents such as RTDR. This study aims to analyze the use of Pleiades very high resolution satellite imagery (CSRST) with a spatial resolution of 2 meters (Multispectral/MS) and 0.5 meters (Panchromatic/PAN) for compiling the base map of the RDTR of Grogol District, Sukoharjo Regency. The creation of this base map uses data in the form of Geospatial Data (DG) which is then further processed to produce Geospatial Information (IG) as stated in Law Number 4 of 2011. The methods used in this study include the stages of initial identification, literature study, horizontal accuracy test, digitization of base map elements, topology and attribute filling, preparation of tentative maps and field surveys, data cleaning, attribute editing, and database formation, and preparation of the RDTR map. The results of data analysis and processing, produce land cover data covering 6 elements in the form of buildings and public facilities totaling 58,639 units, waters totaling 336 types, transportation with a length of 435.79 km, open areas of 1197,717 hectares, agriculture and livestock 849,0354 hectares, and the number of toponyms totaling 1417 points. The layouting process refers to cartographic principles and aesthetic elements of the map, for layouting there are RDTR map layouts and NLP layouts where in the Grogol area it consists of 7 NLPs.
Base Map; Grogol; Pleiades; RDTR; Ultra High Resolution Satellite Imagery
ANALISIS POHON MASALAH PADA BENCANA LONGSOR DI KABUPATEN PURWOREJO PROVINSI JAWA TENGAH
ANALYSIS OF PROBLEM TREES IN LANDSLIDE DISASTERS IN PURWOREJO DISTRICT, CENTRAL JAVA PROVINCE Landslides in Purworejo Regency are a recurring geological phenomenon caused by the region’s morphological characteristics, which are dominated by hilly and mountainous terrain combined with high rainfall. This study aims to identify the cause–effect relationships between the contributing factors and the impacts of landslides using the Problem Tree Analysis method. The method was applied by utilizing various secondary data sources, including journals, books, reports, and online materials, to map the root causes, core problems, and resulting impacts. The analysis shows that the primary causes of landslides are a combination of hilly and mountainous landforms, unstable slopes, high rainfall intensity, sandy–clay soil textures, and human activities involving land-use changes that do not align with land capability. The resulting impacts include infrastructure damage, soil quality degradation, psychological effects on the community, economic losses, and casualties. The problem tree analysis provides a causal overview of the landslide issues and serves as a foundation for developing mitigation strategies based on an understanding of the underlying causes. The findings are expected to serve as a practical reference for local governments and stakeholders in improving disaster risk reduction efforts in Purworejo Regency.
ANALISIS KESIAPSIAGAAN PEDAGANG DALAM PENANGGULANGANAN KEBAKARAN DI PASAR MASOMBA KOTA PALU
ANALYSIS OF TRADERS' PREPAREDNESS IN FIGHTING FIRE IN MASOMBA MARKET, PALU CITY Fire is a disaster that can cause severe losses to managers, owners, users, and the surrounding community. Traditional markets are particularly vulnerable to fire incidents, with impacts ranging from economic damage to threats to human safety. This study aimed to analyze the preparedness of traders in fire disaster management at Masomba Market, Palu City, and to provide a basis for developing preparedness programs, including education, training, and fire drills. A mixed-method design with a concurrent triangulation approach was applied, integrating qualitative and quantitative methods equally. The study was conducted at Masomba Market, Palu City, from August to September 2025. The results showed no significant relationship between knowledge and attitudes with traders’ preparedness in fire prevention. However, training and counseling were positively associated with improved preparedness. Overall, traders demonstrated sufficient knowledge, attitudes, and participation in training, as supported by interviews and probing with informants. Nonetheless, some informants provided responses that diverged from general ethical norms. The study suggests that traders should actively engage in fire preparedness training and consistently apply the acquired skills in daily practices.
ANALISIS MANAJEMEN RISIKO PEMBANGUNAN SEKOLAH ALAM DI LAHAN GERSANG: STUDI KASUS YPP NURUL FURQON
RISK MANAGEMENT ANALYSIS OF NATURAL SCHOOL DEVELOPMENT IN ARROW LAND: A CASE STUDY OF YPP NURUL FURQON Nature schools are an educational model that utilizes direct interaction with the environment as a learning laboratory, allowing students to gain authentic experiences. However, building nature schools in arid areas presents significant challenges due to the arid environmental conditions that do not support vegetation growth, limited water resources, and other risks that have the potential to hinder educational sustainability. This study aims to analyze risk management in the construction of Nurul Furqon Nature Middle School (YPP Nufo) located in Mlagen Village, Pamotan District, Rembang Regency, Central Java. The research method used a qualitative descriptive approach with a case study. Data were obtained through direct observation, in-depth interviews with homogeneous sampling and critical case sampling of 15 people, and literature review. Risk analysis was conducted using a probability and impact matrix (Probability Impact Matrix). The results indicate that there are major risks originating from environmental, social, and economic aspects. Risks with very high priority include extreme temperatures, drought, and plant death, while social risks arise from cultural differences with the local community. Economic risks that arise include high electricity costs and the need for development funds. This study concludes that holistic, adaptive, and inclusive risk management to realize nature schools requires community participation, environmental innovation, and resource diversification to ensure the sustainability of nature school development in arid areas.
Arid Land; Risk Management; Risk Matrix; Nature School; YPP Nufo
ANALISIS KORESPONDENSI PADA POLA HUBUNGAN ANTARA JENIS BENCANA DAN STATUS KORBAN DI SUMATERA TAHUN 2024
CORRESPONDENCE ANALYSIS OF THE RELATIONSHIP PATTERN BETWEEN DISASTER TYPES AND VICTIM STATUS IN SUMATERA IN 2024 This study analyzes the relationship between provinces, types of disasters, and types of disaster victims in 10 provinces on Sumatra Island using correspondence analysis. The data includes seven disaster types and five victim categories from Aceh, North Sumatra, West Sumatra, Riau, Riau Islands, Jambi, Bengkulu, South Sumatra, Bangka Belitung Islands, and Lampung. Descriptive results show floods as the most frequent disaster, while the "suffering victims" category appears most often. The chi-square test yields a p-value < 2.2e-16, indicating significant relationships between all variable combinations. The correspondence plot reveals distinct patterns: Lampung often faces extreme weather and earthquakes; West Sumatra and Riau are prone to landslides; Riau Islands and Aceh to forest and land fires; and Bengkulu to drought. Victim distribution also varies, West Sumatra reports more displaced victims, while most other provinces have predominantly suffered victims. In terms of disaster impacts, landslides are linked to fatalities, forest and land fires to displacement, and floods to suffering and missing victims. These findings highlight the interconnectedness of regions, disaster types, and victim impacts, offering important insights for disaster risk management and mitigation efforts across Sumatra.
Correspondence Analysis; Disaster Management; Natural Disaster; Sumatra; Victim Status
MODELING CLIMATE CHANGE IN THE ASEAN REGION USING CO₂ TRADE NETWORK-BASED SPATIAL-TEMPORAL GRAPH NEURAL NETWORK (ST-GNN) AND IMPACT ANALYSIS ON INDONESIA
Climate change in Southeast Asia is intensifying due to rapid economic growth, industrial expansion, and cross-border carbon transfers. This study employs a Spatial-Temporal Graph Neural Network (ST-GNN) to model CO₂ emissions embedded in ASEAN’s trade network, with Indonesia as the focal point due to its dominant role in regional emissions. Using Our World in Data (OWID) datasets (1990–2023), the ST-GNN framework captures interdependencies between trade-linked emissions and temperature change, outperforming traditional models with an RMSE of 0.011 when optimized (90% top features). Key findings reveal that Vietnam and Australia exert the strongest influence on Indonesia’s emission-driven temperature rise, while Singapore acts as a high-centrality hub in the carbon network. Permutation importance analysis identifies land-use change (CO₂_including_luc), energy consumption per capita, and coal-based emissions as the top predictors of warming trends. The temporal attention mechanism highlights critical periods, such as the 1998 financial crisis and post-2008 recovery, where economic shocks amplified emission impacts. Policy recommendations emphasize regional carbon accounting frameworks, deforestation control, coal phase-out strategies, and ASEAN-wide climate collaboration to mitigate transboundary emissions. This study demonstrates that ST-GNNs enhance climate modeling by quantifying spatial-temporal emission dynamics, offering actionable insights for decarbonizing trade-dependent economies.
ASEAN CO₂ emissions; Indonesia climate policy; spatial-temporal modeling; ST-GNN; trade-adjusted emissions
POLA SPASIO-TEMPORAL KEBAKARAN HUTAN DAN LAHAN: STRATEGI KOTA TANGGUH BERBASIS MITIGASI BENCANA DAN TATA KELOLA LAHAN DI KOTA TERPADU MANDIRI
SPATIO-TEMPORAL PATTERNS OF FOREST AND LAND FIRES: A RESILIENT CITY STRATEGY BASED ON DISASTER MITIGATION AND LAND GOVERNANCE IN AN INDEPENDENT INTEGRATED CITY Forest and land fires are a critical issue in realizing a disaster-resilient city, particularly in the Integrated Independent City (KTM) Rasau Jaya, which functions as a transmigration center and an emerging agropolitan area. This study analyzes the spatio-temporal patterns of forest and land fires from 2015 to 2024 and their relationship with land use, land tenure status, and disaster vulnerability levels. Hotspot data were obtained from NASA-MODIS satellite imagery via the SiPongi platform and analyzed using overlay (superimpose) methods and a descriptive quantitative approach. The application of the Nearest Neighbor Ratio (NNR) and Kernel Density Estimation (KDE) successfully identified clustered fire patterns in greater depth. A total of 256 hotspots were detected with an NNR value < 1, indicating a clustered spatial pattern and affirming that their distribution is not random but concentrated in vulnerable landscapes such as smallholder plantations, dry fields, and peat-dome areas. The analysis also reveals that areas with unclear land tenure—particularly state land or unregistered parcels—experience the highest fire intensity compared with land under Hak Milik (HM) or Hak Guna Bangunan (HGB), which tend to be safer due to stronger management accountability. This study recommends mitigation strategies through spatial monitoring technologies, community capacity building, and sustainable land-use management to support the transformation of KTM Rasau Jaya into a climate-resilient agropolitan city.
Fire and land fire; land governance; resilient city; spatio-temporal pattern
ROAD USERS' PERCEPTIONS OF VISITORS' THERMAL COMFORT AND ITS RELATIONSHIP WITH THERMAL COMFORT ATTRIBUTES IN STREET CANYON, MH THAMRIN STREET, CENTRAL JAKARTA
MH Thamrin is a street canyon area experiencing global warming, and impact on the level of thermal comfort. This study aims to provide an overview of thermal comfort attributes and user perceptions of thermal comfort in Street Canyon, Jl. Based on the measurement results, it was found that the air temperature in the non-dense green space segment was higher than the dense green space segment, with a total average of 31.12°C and 30.27°C. Air humidity is more humid in the dense green space segment (62.69%) than the non-dense green space segment (62.16%). The amount of wind speed in the dense greenery segment is 1.41m/s, while for the non-dense greenery segment it is 0.99m/s. The lowest surface temperature in the non-dense greenery segment is around 26.95°C, and the highest is 39.1°C. The maximum surface temperature of the dense greenery segment is 33.9°C with a minimum surface temperature of 26.1°C. Through the results of road user perceptions, it was found that user perceptions in the dense green spaces segment fell into the moderate category (15.67≤X<19.33). Meanwhile, the level of thermal comfort in the segment of non-dense green spaces on MH Thamrin Street also in medium category. Spearman rank correlation analysis results show the entire thermal comfort attributes associated with user perceptions. Air temperature with user perception has a strong correlation and unidirectional relationship direction (correlation coefficient -0.853). Surface temperature and user perception is also strongly correlated with the direction of the relationship is not unidirectional (correlation coefficient -0.928). In contrast, air humidity and user perception also have a strong correlation, but the direction of the relationship is unidirectional (correlation coefficient 0.911). Wind speed and road user perceptions are strongly correlated and the direction of the relationship is unidirectional (correlation coefficient 0.893).
Green Open Space; Jl. MH Thamrin; Perception; Street Canyon; Thermal Comfort
Copyright (c) 2025 Indonesian Journal of Environment and Disaster https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
ANALISIS PERBANDINGAN METODOLOGI BNPB DAN TSVI UNTUK PENILAIAN RISIKO TSUNAMI DI ACEH JAYA, INDONESIA
COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF BNPB AND TSVI METHODOLOGIES FOR TSUNAMI RISK ASSESSMENT IN ACEH JAYA, INDONESIA Aceh Province is considered to be a high-risk area for tsunami susceptibility, a consequence of its geographical proximity to the Sumatra subduction zone. The objective of this study is to compare two methods of tsunami risk assessment, namely the BNPB's official Kajian Risiko Bencana (KRB) framework and the Tsunami Spatial Vulnerability Index (TSVI) method in Aceh Jaya District. The BNPB's KRB approach integrates hazard and vulnerability components using criterion-based analysis in a Geographic Information System (GIS), while the TSVI employs Spatial Principal Component Analysis (SPCA) to analyse large geospatial data, including satellite images, population grids, and economic center location points. The results demonstrate significant discrepancies in the spatial distribution of high-risk zones in the final tsunami risk map derived from each method, due to the different paradigms of susceptibility concept utilisation. The findings also shown that TSVI method can yield additional insights that are not obtained from BNPB's KRB method, concerning the primary contributors to vulnerability in the study area. This study demonstrates the potential of TSVI as a complementary tool to conventional disaster risk assessment, and emphasise the importance of integration between institutional frameworks and data-driven approaches to support more responsive and more contextualised disaster mitigation planning.
KRB BNPB; tsunami index risk; tsunami vulnerability; TSVI
PEMETAAN RAWAN BENCANA GEMPABUMI DI SEPANJANG SESAR LASEM BERDASARKAN NILAI PGA
MAPPING OF EARTHQUAKE DISASTER PROTECTION Along the LASEM FAULT BASED ON PGA VALUES The region traversed by the Lasem Fault has a high potential for earthquake disasters, although no major recurring events have occurred to date. This condition makes the area particularly interesting for study, especially due to the limited amount of research and mitigation efforts based on quantitative data. This study aims to identify and map the seismic hazard levels around the Lasem Fault using the Deterministic Seismic Hazard Analysis (DSHA) approach, which has been widely implemented in earthquake risk assessments for its ability to provide deterministic estimates of Peak Ground Acceleration (PGA). PGA values are calculated at several points based on relevant earthquake source parameters and local site characteristics. The analysis results show a variation of PGA values, which are classified into several seismic hazard levels and then mapped to provide a visual representation of risk distribution. The results of the analysis are then mapped using QGIS and further processed with the InaSAFE plugin to identify public facilities located in vulnerable zones. This study recommends further investigation into the structural response of buildings to the predicted maximum ground shaking, as well as the integration of the findings into spatial planning policies, earthquake-resistant building design, and other mitigation efforts. The outcomes are expected to serve as a basis for informed decision-making in disaster risk reduction in areas affected by the Lasem Fault.
DSHA; Earthquake; InaSAFE; Lasem Fault; Peak Ground Acceleration
STUDI PENILAIAN SATUAN PENDIDIKAN AMAN BENCANA (SPAB) SEKOLAH BERBASIS KEAGAMAAN DI KABUPATEN CILACAP
EVALUATION STUDY OF DISASTER SAFE EDUCATION UNIT (SPAB) RELIGIOUS BASED SCHOOLS IN CILACAP REGENCY This study aims to evaluate the implementation of the Disaster Safe Education Unit (SPAB) program in religious boarding schools in Cilacap Regency, which has a high level of disaster risk. The study uses a mixed method approach by combining quantitative data through structured questionnaires and qualitative data through in-depth interviews and direct observation of school conditions. Data collection techniques were carried out by distributing questionnaires to teachers and educational staff, interviewing school management, and observing disaster preparedness facilities and activities in the field. Two schools under the Ya BAKII Kesugihan Foundation, namely MA MINAT Kesugihan and SMA Ya BAKII Kesugihan, were the subjects of this study. The assessment was based on the three main pillars of SPAB: safe learning facilities, disaster management and educational continuity, and disaster risk reduction and resilience education. The results of the study showed that both schools were in the “almost ready” category. MA MINAT scored 61.54% (Pillar 1), 54.74% (Pillar 2), and 68.42% (Pillar 3) with an average of 61.57%, while SMA Ya BAKII recorded 66.67% (Pillar 1), 50.36% (Pillar 2), and 26.32% (Pillar 3) with an average of 47.78%. The main challenge was found in Pillar 3 related to the sustainability of disaster education. This study emphasizes the importance of strengthening school policies, teacher training, and cross-party collaboration to strengthen a disaster-aware culture in boarding schools.
Boarding School; Disaster; Disaster Risk Reduction; Disaster Safe Education Unit; Preparedness; Resilience Education
MANAJEMEN RISIKO BENCANA BANJIR DI KOTA CIREBON
FLOOD DISASTER RISK MANAGEMENT IN CIREBON CITY In recent years, Cirebon City has experienced an increasing trend in the frequency and intensity of flood events. As a result, the community has experienced large material and immaterial losses, as well as disruption of economic and social activities. This condition requires a response strategy and measurable in disaster management. This study aims to analyze the implementation of flood disaster risk management that has been carried out by the Cirebon City Regional Government. By combining interactive data analysis and a descriptive approach, this study shows that the Cirebon City Regional Disaster Management Agency plays an important role in reducing the risk of flood disasters in urban areas, which are divided into three stages: prevention, mitigation, and preparedness. Although efforts to reduce the risk of flood disasters continue to be made, this study emphasizes the importance of evaluating and improving the sustainability of policies, programs, activities, and sub-activities that have been designed. This periodic review needs to be carried out to ensure that the performance of the indicators that have been set can be achieved optimally, so that Cirebon City can be more resilient in facing future flood disasters.
Cirebon; Disaster; Flood; Management; Risk
PEMODELAN FAKTOR KEAMANAN LERENG BERBASIS CURAH HUJAN DAN KEMIRINGAN LERENG DI KECAMATAN SUMEDANG SELATAN
MODELING OF SLOPE SAFETY FACTORS BASED ON RAINFALL AND SLOPE SIDE IN SOUTH SUMEDANG DISTRICT Sumedang Selatan Subdistrict is one of the subdistricts in Sumedang Regency, West Java, which has had many landslide incidents. This is the main reason for the need for landslide disaster mitigation. The first step in landslide disaster mitigation is mathematical modeling as an early warning system. This study aims to model the mathematical equation for the slope safety factor (FK) in Sumedang Selatan Subdistrict based on rainfall data and slope inclination. The mathematical equation used is the Bowles 1996 slope safety factor (FK) equation. The data used are daily rainfall data from 2024 and slope inclination data (DEMNAS) from 2021. The results obtained are graphs of rainfall (P) and slope inclination (θ) against the slope safety factor (FK). The critical point was identified at a daily rainfall of 110 mm and a slope inclination 35°. Rainfall and slope inclination have a negative correlation with the slope safety factor.
Disaster Mitigation; Landslide; Rainfall; Slope Safety Factor; Slope Inclination
AKSI MITIGASI DAN INVENTARISASI EMISI PADA SENTRA INDUSTRI GENTENG DI KAMPUNG IKLIM DEMAKAN, MOJOLABAN, KABUPATEN SUKOHARJO
MITIGATION ACTIONS AND EMISSION INVENTORY IN THE ROOF TILE INDUSTRY CENTER IN KAMPUNG IKLIM DEMAKAN, MOJOLABAN, SUKOHARJO REGENCY The roof tile industry still goes through a traditional burning process that risks producing emissions because it uses wood as fuel. Demakan Village, Mojolaban is known as the center of the roof tile industry and has committed to the Climate Village Program to carry out emission mitigation actions. This study aims to determine the characteristics of emissions from the roof tile industry and develop a mitigation action plan in Climate Village Demakan, Mojolaban. The method used is quantitative descriptive analysis through emission inventory according to IPCC 2006 and Delphi analysis with two iterations of questionnaires. The results showed that the total greenhouse gas emissions generated from the roof tile burning was 419.17 tons/year CO2-eq, consisting of 387.88 tons/year CO2, 1.04 tons/year CH4, and 0.014 tons/year N2O. Other emissions are CO at 0.312 tons/year and PM2.5 at 0.4606 tons/year. Emission mitigation action strategy planning includes education or training to the community and planting carbon-absorbing vegetation every 6 months, as well as emission control equipment in the form of a cyclone separator within the next 1-2 years to reduce emissions below quality standards.
Combustion Emissions; Roof Tile; Mitigation; Proklim.
ANALISIS SPASIAL KERENTANAN BANJIR DI CIKARANG RAYA MENGGUNAKAN DATA SEKUNDER: STUDI KASUS 2015–2025
SPATIAL ANALYSIS OF FLOOD VULNERABILITY IN CIKARANG RAYA USING SECONDARY DATA: CASE STUDY 2015–2025 Flooding remains a natural disaster that continues to pose a serious threat in the Cikarang Raya area, West Java. The region is under increasing pressure due to the conversion of land into built-up areas and drainage systems that are unable to accommodate the rising intensity of rainfall. This study aims to analyze spatial trends of flood vulnerability from 2015 to 2025 using secondary data. The data were obtained from various agencies, including flood-prone maps from the Regional Disaster Management Agency (BPBD) of Bekasi Regency, demographic data from the Central Bureau of Statistics (BPS) of Bekasi Regency, and land-use change information from the Geospatial Information Agency (BIG) and the Regional Development Planning Agency (Bappeda) of Bekasi Regency. The analysis was conducted descriptively and qualitatively, supported by Geographic Information System (GIS)-based visualization. The results indicate that Tambun Selatan, Cikarang Barat, and Cikarang Timur are the districts with the highest levels of flood vulnerability. The main contributing factors are rapid urbanization, the reduction of green open spaces, and the decline in water absorption capacity. Furthermore, the overlay of flood-prone maps from 2015 and 2025 reveals both shifts and expansions in the affected areas. These findings underscore the urgent need for disaster-mitigation-based spatial planning and the utilization of spatial data in decision-making processes. This research is expected to serve as an initial reference in formulating sustainable and adaptive development policies in response to environmental changes.
: Cikarang Raya; flood vulnerability; GIS; spatial analysis; urban planning
MODEL KOMUNIKASI BENCANA “TABLE TOP EXERCISE” DENGAN KOLABORASI MULTI PIHAK DALAM PEMULIHAN PASCABENCANA
A “TABLE TOP EXERCISE” DISASTER COMMUNICATION MODEL WITH MULTI-PARTY COLLABORATION IN POST-DISASTERS RECOVERY This research aimed to discuss the disaster communication model through a table top exercise to analyse multi-stakeholder involvement in the implementation of post-disaster rehabilitation and reconstruction activities due to the earthquake in Cianjur in 2022. The disaster impact caused were casualties, damage to infrastructure and housing, as well as massive and significant social, economic and cross-sector losses. Effective disaster communication was a key factor in accelerating post-disaster rehabilitation and reconstruction efforts. This study used a descriptive qualitative method with data collection techniques through Focus Group Discussion (FGD), literature study, and direct observation. The results showed that pentahelix-based multi-stakeholder collaboration, involving the government, business world, academia, community, and media, was a strategic approach in disaster communication. Through the Table Top Exercise, stakeholders could collaborate, coordinate, share information, and play a role in post-disaster recovery. However, the efforts made had not been integrated and run optimally. This research recommended strengthening regulations and socialisation regarding the implementation of post-disaster rehabilitation and reconstruction through the preparation of R3P (Post-Disaster Rehabilitation and Reconstruction Plan) documents collaboratively involving multi-stakeholders, especially pentahelix elements. In addition, it recommended that the establishment of a multi-stakeholder coordination forum could increase the effectiveness of communication and synergy in sustainable post-disaster recovery.
Communication; Collaboration; Post-Disaster Recovery; TTX
Pemetaan Geohazard Banjir Lahar Pada Daerah Aliran Sungai Batang Malano, Gunung Marapi, Sumatera Barat
Geohazard Mapping of Lahar Floods in the Batang Malano River Basin, Mount Marapi, West Sumatra Periodic volcanic activity at Mount Marapi from January to March 2024 resulted in the accumulation of volcanic material around the crater and on the slopes. Increased rainfall triggered landslides, which carried this material into rivers and caused cold lava floods in May 2024. This study applied the Normalized Morphometric Flood Index (NMFI) method, which normalizes seven morphometric parameters—drainage density, bifurcation ratio, ruggedness number, slope, dissection index, basin relief, and relief ratio—on a scale of 0 to 1. These were classified into three hazard levels: low (36.89%), medium (60.59%), and high (2.52%). The Batang Malano watershed shows high vulnerability upstream, decreasing to moderate downstream. Given Mount Marapi’s continued eruptions into 2025, the risk of future lava floods remains significant. Strategic mitigation planning, evacuation routes, and resilient infrastructure are urgently needed along the Batang Malano watershed.
Batang Malano; Geohazard; Lava Flood; NMFI; Watershed
PENGARUH PEMBERIAN VIDEO EDUKASI GEMPA BUMI TERHADAP KESIAPSIAGAAN BENCANA PADA MAHASISWA ASRAMA UNISA YOGYAKARTA
Disasters are events that threaten and disrupt people's lives. Earthquakes are serious natural disasters in certain areas, including the Special Region of Yogyakarta which is located in areas prone to earthquakes. The lack of knowledge about earthquake preparedness shows the urgency of improving disaster preparedness, especially for students who have just settled in Yogyakarta. One way to improve disaster preparedness is to provide education about the disaster, the use of educational videos can make it easier to provide education about disasters because videos can provide interesting and easy-to-understand explanations. This study was conducted to determine the effect of providing earthquake education videos on disaster preparedness in students of the Unisa Yogyakarta Dormitory. The type of research carried out is quantitative research with an experimental research design using one group pretest and posttest design. The sampling technique used a total sampling with a total of 35 respondents from the Unisa Yogyakarta Dormitory. The results of the test of the effect of providing earthquake education videos on disaster preparedness in Unisa Yogyakarta Dormitory students using the wilcoxon test obtained a significant p-value of 0.000 < 0.05, so that there was an effect of providing earthquake education videos on disaster preparedness in Unisa Yogyakarta Dormitory students. Researchers can then consider making an educational video about the earthquake and patenting the video and working with the campus to make the best use of it.
TINJAUAN KEBIJAKAN DALAM UPAYA PENGURANGAN RISIKO BENCANA DI KABUPATEN BLITAR, JAWA TIMUR
POLICY REVIEW IN DISASTER RISK REDUCTION EFFORTS IN BLITAR REGENCY, EAST JAVA Blitar Regency, located on the southern coast of Java Island, faces high disaster risk due to its geographical position bordering the Indian Ocean, the presence of the still-active Mount Kelud, and its hilly terrain. Revisiting disaster risk reduction policies in Blitar Regency is therefore essential. This study employs a qualitative approach using document analysis to examine disaster management policies at the international, national, and local levels. The analysis focuses on international policy frameworks such as the SFDRR and SDGs, as well as the implementation of national policies in accordance with the Disaster Management Law. The results indicate that policies in Blitar Regency have adopted principles from international and national frameworks, but require further strategic adjustments tailored to local conditions to enhance disaster risk reduction effectiveness. These findings form the basis for formulating policy strategies aligned with international, national, and local frameworks to address disaster threats in Blitar Regency.
Blitar Regency; Disaster Risk Reduction; Disaster Management; Policy Review
PENGEMBANGAN JALUR EVAKUASI DI DESTINASI WISATA PANTAI RAWAN TSUNAMI UNTUK KETAHANAN BENCANA
Coastal tourist destinations located in tsunami-prone areas exhibit high vulnerability to disasters, particularly given the number of tourists unfamiliar with local hazards and evacuation procedures. This study aims to develop effective evacuation routes in coastal tourist areas to mitigate the risk of casualties and losses due to tsunamis. The method used in this research is a case study with a spatial analysis approach, where existing evacuation routes are evaluated based on accessibility, travel time, and safety for tourists. Data were collected through field surveys, interviews with local stakeholders, and simulation-based evacuation modeling. The results show that there are six evacuation routes leading to vertical evacuation shelters on Lampuuk, Lhoknga, with two of the routes exceeding the safe evacuation time limit. The current evacuation routes are insufficient due to a lack of signage, routes that are not easily accessible for tourists, and reliance on vulnerable infrastructure. Therefore, new evacuation routes need to be developed, taking into account evacuation distance, topography, visitor behavior, and local community participation in the planning process to strengthen the resilience of tourist destinations against tsunami threats.
LOCAL WISDOM CERITA RAKYAT ‘SMONG’ SIMEULUE ACEH DARI SUDUT PANDANG KEBENCANAAN: MENINGKATKAN KESIAPSIAGAAN MASYARAKAT INDONESIA TENTANG MITIGASI BENCANA MEGATHRUST
The Smong folklore from Simeulue, Aceh Province, represents a form of local wisdom that embodies community knowledge in natural disaster mitigation, particularly tsunamis. This traditional story highlights how indigenous knowledge plays a crucial role in preparing communities for potential megathrust disasters along the Sumatra Trench. The purpose of this study is to explore the role of Smong folklore in educating the people of Aceh and Indonesia about disaster preparedness and how these local values contribute to strengthening disaster mitigation efforts. This research employs a qualitative approach, with a literature review as the primary method of analysis. The findings indicate that the Smong folklore contains essential mitigation elements that remain highly relevant in contemporary disaster management. The story serves as a powerful educational tool to enhance public awareness and preparedness for major earthquakes, including megathrust disasters. By integrating traditional knowledge with modern disaster response strategies, communities can develop a more resilient approach to disaster preparedness. This study underscores the importance of preserving and promoting local wisdom in disaster education to minimize future risks and improve community resilience.
ANALISIS WARGA RW 13 MANJAHLEGA KOTA BANDUNG TERHADAP PENGELOLAAN SAMPAH
ANALYSIS OF RESIDENTS OF RW 13 MANJAHLEGA, BANDUNG CITY ON WASTE MANAGEMENT This study aims to analyze the community’s behavior and participation in waste management in RW 13 Manjahlega, Bandung City, using the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) as the analytical framework. The research employed a qualitative approach through in-depth interviews, observations, focus group discussions (FGDs), and open-ended questionnaires with ten informants selected using purposive sampling. The findings reveal a significant gap between residents’ awareness of waste management and its practical implementation. Economic constraints, limited infrastructure, and weak social norms were identified as major barriers that hinder consistent waste segregation and recycling practices. The study highlights that strengthening community-based initiatives supported by local government policies, additional waste sorting facilities, and continuous environmental education are essential for improving participation. This research contributes to the development of localized waste management strategies that integrate behavioral insights to promote sustainable urban practices.
Community Participation; Sustainable Practice; Wate Management