Hubungan Anemia pada Trimester Ketiga dengan Prematuritas Bayi Baru Lahir di RSUD Dr. Moewardi Surakarta

Dewi Permata Sari; Sri Martuti; Fadhilah Tia Nur

doi:10.20961/plexus.v2i6.1028

Authors

Dewi Permata Sari Program Studi Kedokteran, Fakultas Kedokteran, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Surakarta
Sri Martuti Bagian Ilmu Kesehatan Anak, RSUD Dr. Moewardi, Surakarta
Fadhilah Tia Nur Bagian Ilmu Kesehatan Anak, RSUD Dr. Moewardi, Surakarta

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.20961/plexus.v2i6.1028

Keywords:

anemia, trimester ketiga, prematur, bayi baru lahir

Abstract

Pendahuluan: Prematuritas merupakan sumber utama dari segala komorbid, komplikasi, hingga kematian bayi. Kondisi anemia pada ibu hamil diduga memiliki pengaruh terhadap perkembangan janin, salah satunya bisa mengakibatkan kelahiran bayi prematur <37 minggu. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan anemia pada trimester ketiga dengan prematuritas bayi baru lahir.

Metode: Penelitian observasional analitik dengan pendekatan case control, dilakukan secara retrospektif melalui data rekam medis ibu dan bayi baru lahir di RSUD Dr. Moewardi Surakarta pada bulan Januari-Desember 2022. Sampel penelitian terdiri dari 76 sampel yang terbagi menjadi dua kelompok, yaitu 38 bayi kurang bulan/prematur (preterm) dan 38 bayi cukup bulan (term). Data dianalisis menggunakan uji Chi-square dan uji regresi logistik.

Hasil: Terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara anemia di trimester ketiga (p=0,006; OR 3,850) dan komplikasi kehamilan (p=0,039; OR 3,331) dengan prematuritas bayi baru lahir. Sementara itu, usia ibu (p=0,289; OR 0,489), paritas (p=0,816; OR 1,241), dan status gizi sebelum hamil (p=1,000; OR 1,000) tidak memiliki hubungan yang bermakna terhadap kelahiran bayi prematur.

Kesimpulan: Anemia pada trimester ketiga berhubungan signifikan dengan prematuritas bayi baru lahir. Kadar hemoglobin ibu yang rendah dapat meningkatkan kelahiran prematur sebesar 3,85 kali lebih tinggi. Komplikasi kehamilan merupakan prediktor prematuritas bayi selain anemia di trimester tiga.

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