Diet Indeks dan Beban Glikemik Tinggi serta Resiko Terhadap Gangguan Muskuloskeletal
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.20961/plexus.v3i4.1814Keywords:
diet indeks glikemik, gangguan muskuloskeletal, pengurangan rasa sakitAbstract
Pendahuluan: Gangguan muskuloskeletal semakin mendapat perhatian untuk diteliti karena dampaknya yang dapat mempengaruhi kesehatan fisik maupun mental. Pola makan sehari-hari telah menjadi salah satu faktor terbesar yang menentukan kondisi kesehatan sistem muskuloskeletal, salah satunya pola makan tinggi indeks glikemik (IG). Makanan IG tinggi menyebabkan lonjakan cepat kadar glukosa darah dan insulin yang terlibat sebagai pemicu peradangan kronis dan stres oksidatif yang merupakan kontributor patofisiologi gangguan muskuloskeletal. Tinjauan ini bertujuan untuk mensintesis bukti yang menghubungkan diet IG tinggi dengan perkembangan dan eksaserbasi masalah muskuloskeletal.
Metode: Artikel dikumpulkan dengan menggunakan mesin pencari seperti Google Scholar, Pubmed, Medscape, dan Science Direct yang diterbitkan pada tahun 2003-2024.
Hasil: Mengurangi diet IG dan beban glikemik (BG) dapat meringankan gejala dan meningkatkan hasil fungsional pada pasien dengan gangguan muskuloskeletal. Misalnya, diet rendah IG telah dikaitkan dengan pengurangan rasa sakit serta peningkatan kualitas hidup penderita dengan gangguan muskuloskeletal.
Kesimpulan: Diet IG tinggi terbukti merupakan faktor risiko signifikan yang dapat dimodifikasi untuk pencegahan perkembangan gangguan muskuloskeletal. Strategi kesehatan masyarakat yang mempromosikan pola makan rendah IG berpotensi mengurangi gejala gangguan ini dan meningkatkan kualitas hidup penderita. Terlepas dari temuan ini, beberapa penelitian longitudinal dan intervensional diperlukan untuk menetapkan hubungan sebab akibat dan lebih memahami mekanisme molekuler yang terlibat.
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