Ekstrak Etanolik Daun Kelor (Moringa oleifera, Lam.) Menurunkan Ekspresi Reseptor ACE2 (Pintu Masuk SARS-CoV-2) Duodenum Tikus Wistar (Rattus norvegicus) Jantan Model Sindrom Metabolik Terinduksi

Nabila Haningtyas; Dyah Ratna Budiani; Jarot Subandono

doi:10.20961/plexus.v1i2.26

Authors

Nabila Haningtyas Faculty of Medicine Sebelas Maret University
Dyah Ratna Budiani Pathology Anatomy Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine Sebelas Maret University
Jarot Subandono Biochemistry Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine Sebelas Maret University

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.20961/plexus.v1i2.26

Abstract

ABSTRAK

Pendahuluan: Tanda-tanda umum sindrom metabolik (SM) mampu mempengaruhi integritas epitel duodenum, inflamasi duodenum, mikrobiota usus, dan aktivasi sistem RAS. Daun kelor memeiliki berbagai manfaat dalam mengatasi faktor risiko dari sindrom metabolik. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat pengaruh pemberian ekstrak etanolik daun kelor terhadap tingkat ekspresi reseptor ACE2 pada tikus Wistar model sindrom metabolik. Peningkatan ekspresi ACE2 akan meningkatkan juga risiko terinfeksi SARS-CoV-2. Ekspresi ACE2 yang meningkat akan memicu lebih banyak jalan masuk bagi SARS-CoV-2 dan memungkinkan pelepasan sitokin berlebih.

Metode: Penelitian bersifat eksperimental laboratorik dengan post-test only control group design dan menggunakan teknik purposive sampling. Sampel penelitian adalah 30 ekor tikus yang dibagi menjadi 5 kelompok yaitu KI sebagai kelompok kontrol; KII sebagai kelompok dengan pemberian pakan tinggi lemak dan induksi streptozotocin-nicotinamide; KIII, KIV, dan KV sebagai kelompok dengan pemberian pakan tinggi lemak dan induksi streptozotocin-nicotinamide serta ekstrak etanolik daun kelor selama 28 hari pada dosis 150 mg/KgBB, 250 mg/KgBB, dan 350 mg/KgBB. Tingkat ekspresi ACE2 dihitung menggunakan rumus IDS kemudian dianalisis dengan uji independent t-test, uji One-Way ANOVA yang dilanjutkan uji post-hoc Tukey HSD, dan uji regresi linier sederhana.

Hasil: Skor ekspresi ACE2 tertinggi ditemukan pada kelompok KII (279.04) dan nilai terendah pada kelompok KV (218.16). Uji statistik menunjukkan perbedaan ekspresi ACE2 duodenum yang signifikan (p < 0.05) pada kelompok KI dan KII terhadap KIV dan KV; KII terhadap KIV; KIV terhadap KI, KII, dan KIII; dan KV terhadap KI dan KII. Selain kelompok yang telah disebutkan, didapatkan hasil perbedaan ekspresi ACE2 duodenum tidak signifikan (p > 0.05).

Kesimpulan: Ekstrak etanolik daun kelor (Moringa oleifera, Lam.) dengan dosis 250 mg/KgBB dan 350 mg/KgBB mampu menurunkan tingkat ekspresi ACE2 jaringan duodenum tikus Wistar sindrom metabolik secara signifikan.

Kata Kunci: Sindrom Metabolik; Duodenum; ACE2; Moringa oleifera; Ekstrak Daun Kelor

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