Perbandingan Hipotensi Antara Anestesi General dan Anestesi Spinal pada Seksio Sesarea
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.20961/plexus.v1i5.278Keywords:
Seksio sesarea, anestesi general, anestesi spinal, hipotensiAbstract
Pendahuluan: Seksio sesarea merupakan salah satu operasi yang paling sering dilakukan dalam persalinan. Seksio sesarea berkaitan dengan penggunaan anestesi, dengan anestesi spinal lebih sering digunakan dibandingkan dengan anestesi general. Penggunaan anestesi pada seksio sesarea dapat menyebabkan hipotensi. Hipotensi adalah terjadinya penurunan tekanan darah sistolik kurang dari 100mmHg atau penurunan sekitar 20% dari nilai baseline. Episode singkat dari hipotensi dapat menyebabkan skor APGAR yang lebih rendah dan asidosis janin hingga hipoksia pada ibu serta depresi nenonatal. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui perbandingan hipotensi antara anestesi spinal dan anestesi general pada seksio sesarea di RSUD Dr. Moewardi Surakarta.
Metode: Jenis penelitian ini adalah observasional analitik dengan pendekatan cross sectional. Penelitian ini dilakukan di bagian Rekam Medik RSUD Dr. Moewardi Surakarta. Sampel penelitian ini adalah pasien seksio sesarea tahun 2021 sebanyak 60 sampel dengan 30 kasus anestesi spinal dan 30 kasus anestesi general. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan dengan metode purposive sampling sesuai dengan kriteria inklusi dan ekslusi yang ditetapkan. Data yang diperoleh kemudian di analisis menggunakan analisis bivariat dengan uji statistik yaitu uji chi square dengan tingkat kemaknaan p < 0,05.
Hasil: Dari hasil analisis data, didapatkan hubungan yang signifikan antara jenis anestesi dengan kejadian hipotensi pada seksio sesarea di RSUD Dr. Moewardi dengan nilai p=0,002 (p<0,05). Didapatkan juga perbedaan pada kejadian hipotensi, dengan 21 kasus (35%) pada anestesi spinal dan 8 kasus (13,3%) pada anestesi general. Sedangkan yang tidak hipotensi sebanyak 9 kasus (15%) pada anestesi spinal dan 22 kasus (36,7%) pada anestesi general.
Simpulan: Terjadinya hipotensi pada seksio sesarea di RSUD Dr. Moewardi Surakarta lebih banyak pada pasien anestesi spinal dibandingkan anestesi general.
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