Development of AURIS (Atwood Ultrasonic Inertia System) as an Arduino-based Atwood's machine practical tool

Abstract

This research aims to develop AURIS (Atwood Ultrasonic Inertia System) as an Arduino-based Atwood's machine practical tool with an automatic time measurement system using ultrasonic sensors. Manual time measurement on conventional Atwood's machines is prone to errors due to human response limitations. This research uses an experimental method with a design and build approach. AURIS consists of an Atwood machine, an Arduino Uno, an ultrasonic sensor, an electromagnet as an initial load holder, and an LCD as a data display. The testing was conducted with variations in load travel distance from 0.50–0.95 m, with constant masses M₁ = 0.05 kg and M₂ = 0.10 kg. Time data is used to calculate the acceleration and moment of inertia of the system. The results show a travel time of 1.21–1.66 s with a relatively constant acceleration of 0.610–0.725 m/s². The moment of inertia values range from 0.137–0.163 kg·m² with a relative error of 5.4% or an accuracy of 94.6%. The linear relationship between distance and the square of time indicates the characteristics of uniformly accelerated linear motion. AURIS is suitable for use as a practical tool for studying motion dynamics and Newton's Second Law of Physics.