Korelasi Derajat Sesak Napas Menurut mMRC-Q dan VAS dengan Kadar Hematokrit Pasien PPOK Eksaserbasi Akut
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.20961/plexus.v5i2.3097Keywords:
PPOK Eksaserbasi Akut, VAS, MMRC-Q, Hematokrit, Sesak napasAbstract
Pendahuluan: Penyakit Paru Obstruktif Kronis (PPOK) eksaserbasi akut ditandai dengan perburukan sesak napas yang memicu hipoksia jaringan. Secara fisiologis, hipoksia memicu kompensasi polisitemia (peningkatan hematokrit). Namun, pada fase eksaserbasi akut, hubungan antara parameter hematologis dengan derajat klinis sesak napas masih menjadi perdebatan akibat kompleksitas respon inflamasi dan intervensi medis. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis hubungan antara derajat sesak napas dengan kadar hematokrit darah pada pasien PPOK eksaserbasi akut.
Metode: Penelitian observasional analitik dengan desain cross-sectional dilakukan terhadap pasien PPOK eksaserbasi akut di Rumah Sakit Universitas Sebelas Maret. Metode yang digunakan adalah total sampling dengan total 31 responden. Derajat sesak napas diukur menggunakan mMRC dan VAS, sedangkan kadar hematokrit diperoleh dari data rekam medis. Analisis data menggunakan korelasi Spearman.
Hasil: Profil hematokrit responden didominasi oleh kategori normal (71%) dan anemia (22,6%), sedangkan polisitemia sangat jarang ditemukan. Hasil analisis menunjukkan tidak terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara skor mMRC dengan kadar hematokrit darah (p>0,05) maupun skor VAS dengan kadar hematokrit (p>0,05). Analisis tambahan menunjukkan hubungan signifikan dengan korelasi negatif yang kuat antara usia dengan kadar hematokrit (p<0,001; r=-0,627), yang mana pasien usia lanjut cenderung memiliki kadar hematokrit yang lebih rendah.
Kesimpulan: Kadar hematokrit tidak dapat digunakan sebagai indikator tunggal untuk memprediksi derajat sesak napas subjektif pada pasien PPOK eksaserbasi akut. Ketiadaan korelasi ini kemungkinan dipengaruhi oleh faktor usia, di mana respons kompensasi sumsum tulang menurun seiring penuaan, serta adanya faktor inflamasi akut dan intervensi medis yang membiaskan profil hematologi.
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