The Psychological Well-Being of Parents in Educating Children with Autism at SLB Mitra Ananda
Abstract
This study aims to describe the dynamics of the Psychological Well-Being parents in educating children with autism enrolled at SLB Mitra Ananda. This study uses a phenomenological qualitative research method. The subjects of the study were 4 parents who have children with autism enrolled at SLB Mitra Ananda and are actively involved in their children’s education at home. Participants were selected using purposive sampling. Data collection techniques included semi-structured interviews, categorized under in-depth interviews; participant observation using moderate participation; and documentation. The validity of the data was ensured through source triangulation involving 7 significant others, and technique triangulation involving interviews, observations, and documentation. The results of this study show there are the dynamic processes in the psychological well-being of parents. The results of this study show the dynamic processes in the Psychological Well-Being of each parent throughout their journey in educating a child with autism. All four participants demonstrated a conceptualization that aligns with the six dimensions of Psychological Well-Being as articulated by Ryff (2014). However, the intensity in which these dimensions were experienced and expressed varied among individuals, reflecting differences in educational background, personality characteristics, family experiences, and gender. These findings highlights that the Psychological Well-Being of parents raising children with autism at SLB Mitra Ananda is inherently multidimensional and shaped by diverse contextual and personal factors.
References
Aly, H. N. (1999). Ilmu Pendidikan Islam. Jakarta: Logos Wacana Ilmu.
American Psychological Association. (2022). DSM V-TR (Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders. IV Text Revision). Washington, DC: American Psychiantric Association.
Atmaja, R. J. (2018). Pendidikan dan bimbingan anak berkebutuhan khusus. PT Remaja Rosdakarya.
Ayub, A., S. Akmal, and F. Nurhaliza. Pentingnya Peran Orang Tua dalam Pendidikan Anak. Jurnal Ilmiah Profesi Pendidikan 9, no. 3 (2024): 2303–2318. https://doi.org/10.29303/jipp.v9i3.3020.
Boham, S. E. (2013). Pola komunikasi orang tua dengan anak autis (Studi pada orang tua dari anak autis di Sekolah Luar Biasa AGCA Center Pumorow Kelurahan Banjer Manado). Journal Acta Diurna, 2(4).
Christopher, J. C. (1999). Situating psychological well-being: Exploring the cultural roots of its theory and research. Journal of Counseling & Development, https://doi.org/10.1002/j.1556-6676.1999.tb02434.x.
Cohrs, A. C., & Leslie, D. L. (2017). Depression in parents of children diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder: A claims-based analysis. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders.
Freire C, Ferradás MM, Valle A, Núñez JC and Vallejo G. (2016). Profiles of Psychological Well-being and Coping Strategies among University Students. Front. Psychol.
Hasni, U., & Nabila, N. (2021.). Peran orangtua dalam mendidik anak sejak usia dini di lingkungan keluarga. Jurnal Pendidikan dan Anak Usia Dini, 1(2), 59–72. Retrieved from http://jurnal.iain-padangsidimpuan.ac.id/index.php/alathfal/index
Herdiansyah, H. (2010). Metodologi Penelitian Kualitatif untuk Ilmu-Ilmu Sosial. Jakarta: Penerbit Salemba Empat.
Hickey, E. J., Hartley, S. L., & Papp, L. (2020). Psychological Well-Being and Parent-Child Relationship Quality in Relation to Child Autism: An Actor-Partner Modeling Approach. Family Process, 59(2), 636–650. https://doi.org/10.1111/famp.12432
Muhammad, N., Tu-Zohra, F., Zaman, B., & Rahim, R. (2019). PSYCHOLOGICAL WELL-BEING AND LIFE SATISFACTION OF PARENTS WITH AUTISTIC CHILDREN. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/352061373
Mukhtar, D. Y., Kumara, A., Hastjarjo, T. D., & Adiyanti, M. G. (2018). Beban Pengasuhan yang Dialami Oleh Orangtua yang Memiliki Anak dengan Gangguan Spektrum Autis. Talenta Conference Series: Tropical Medicine (TM), 1(1), 163–170. https://doi.org/10.32734/tm.v1i1.42
Puspito, I., & Rosiana. (2022). Pentingnya peran orang tua mendidik anak. Inculco Journal of Christian Education, 2(3).
Ryff, C. D. (2014). Psychological well-being revisited: Advances in the science and practice of eudaimonia. Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, 83(1), 10–28. https://doi.org/10.1159/000353263.
Saragih, Y. M., Steven, S., Sarmila, Y., Carlyn, C., Purba, R. H., Marpaung, W. & Putra, A. I. D. (2024), Gambaran Stres Orangtua yang Memiliki Anak Autistik Spectum Disorder. Jurnal Penelitian Pendidikan, Psikologi dan Kesehatan (J P3K), 5 (1): 177-183.
Sembiring, T. A., & Hartiwi, N. E. (2024). Kendala dan solusi dalam proses pembelajaran anak autisme di SD Negeri Keleyan 1 Bangkalan. Jurnal Pendidikan dan Bahasa, 1(3), 177–183. https://doi.org/10.62383/dilan.v1i3.478.
Shulman, C. (2002). Autism: From research to individualized practice (Bridging the process between diagnosis and treatment). Jessica Kingsley Publishers. London & New York.
Sugiyono. (2021). Metodelogi Penelitian Kualitatif. Bandung: ALFABETA.
Suyatno, S. W., Jumilah, B. S., Mariani, Y. K., & Sabambam, M. N. (2022). Model-model penerimaan orang tua dari penyandang disabilitas di Kota Malang. Jurnal Ilmiah Ilmu Sosial, 8(2), 170–186. https://doi.org/10.23887/jiis.v8i2.51884.
Thamrin Nasution & Nurhulijah Nasution, Peranan Orang Tua dalam Meningkatkan Prestasi Belajar Anak, Jakarta: Gunung Mulia, 1989.
Tilton, A.J. (2004). The Everything Parent’s Guide to Children with Autism Know What to Expect Find the Help You Need and Get Through the Day.Massacusset: Adams Media Avon.
Undang-Undang Republik Indonesia No. 20 Tahun 2003 tentang Sistem Pendidikan Nasional. Pasal 1 Ayat 1.
Undang-Undang Republik Indonesia No. 35 Tahun 2014 tentang Perubahan Atas Undang-Undang No. 23 Tahun 2002 tentang Perlindungan Anak. (2014). Pasal 1 Ayat 4.
Valicenti-Mcdermott, M., Lawson, K., Hottinger, K., Seijo, R., Schechtman, M., Shulman, L., & Shinnar, S. (2015). Parental Stress in Families of Children with Autism and Other Developmental Disabilities. Journal of Child Neurology, 30(13). https://doi.org/10.1177/0883073815579705
Wahidin. (2019). Peran orang tua dalam menumbuhkan motivasi belajar pada anak sekolah dasar. Jurnal PANCAR, 3(1).
World Health Organization. (2022). Mental Health. Retrieved from https://www.who.int/health topics/mental-health/#tab=tab_1 (https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/mental-health-strengthening-our-response).
YF La Kahija. (2021). Penelitian Fenomenologis Jalan Memahami Pengalaman Hidup (G. Sudibyo, Ed.). Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta. PENERBIT PT KANISIUS.
Yosep, I., Kirana, A. D., Sismayadi, Z. I., Mardhiyah, A., & Hikmat, R. (2024). The psychological well-being with gender among parents who have autism spectrum disorder children. Jendela Nursing Journal, 8(1), 45–55.
Yuwono, Joko (2012). Memahami Anak Autistik. Bandung: Alfabeta.
