Correction & Retraction Policies

Biopedagogi: Jurnal Pembelajaran Biologi is committed to upholding the integrity of the scholarly record. Therefore, published articles shall remain extant, exact, and unaltered to the maximum extent possible. However, when circumstances warrant—such as serious errors or ethical breaches—the journal reserves the right to issue appropriate post-publication notices, including Errata, Expressions of Concern, or Notices of Retraction. Post-publication notices will be made in accordance with the COPE Retraction Guidelines, and follow the best practices from leading publishers such as Nature, Elsevier, and Springer. Authors are strongly encouraged to voluntarily initiate the correction process by requesting an Erratum, an Expression of Concern, or a Retraction of their published manuscript.

Article Correction

  • A Correction will be published when it is necessary to address an error or omission that does not impact the results or conclusions of the article. 
  • The Correction should be drafted and agreed upon by all authors.
  • The Correction will be linked to the original article.
  • On rare occasions, the Publisher may need to correct an error introduced during the publication process; in such cases, the Publisher will issue an Erratum.
  • A correction to the author or contributor list may be posted if justified by documentation supporting the request.

Editor’s Notes

Editor’s Notes may be issued in circumstances that do not warrant a retraction, correction, or expression of concern. These notes alert readers to exercise caution. An Editor’s Note may be warranted if:

  • The authors make changes or additions that do not affect the core results or conclusions, and there is no evidence of ethical misconduct.
  • The final outcome of a resolved concern or complaint no longer warrants an expression of concern, correction, or retraction.
  • There are unresolved or unsolvable authorship disputes that do not affect the validity of the article’s findings, data, or content.

Expressions of Concern

An Expression of Concern (EoC) alerts readers to potential issues that might affect the reliability of parts or all of a published work.

  • An EoC remains part of the permanent record.
  • If an investigation is resolved, the Editor will publish a follow-up notice—such as a correction, retraction, or editorial note—explaining the outcome.
  • The original EoC will not be removed but may be updated.

An Expression of Concern will be published if:

  • There is inconclusive evidence of potential unreliability due to errors, incorrect analysis, or research/publication misconduct that has not yet been resolved by an investigation.
  • There is inconclusive evidence regarding the unreliability of the research or misconduct related to the publication.
  • An investigation is underway, but a judgment will not be available for a considerable time.

Retraction Policy

A manuscript may be retracted from publication if it satisfies one or more of the following conditions:

  • Authorship disputes that impact the validity of the article’s findings;
  • Fictitious or unverifiable authorship.
  • Ethical Breaches, including but not limited to: Exploitation of authors, unethical/illegal conduct during research, or copyright infringement.
  • Plagiarism, including instances where findings are published without the consent of the original researchers (e.g., a lecturer using a student's work without permission).
  • Substantial evidence that findings are unreliable due to fatal errors or fraud.
  • Fraudulent research, falsification, data manipulation, or fabrication—including bogus "research articles" generated by AI Tools (e.g., Gemini, ChatGPT, DeepSeek).
  • Findings that have been previously published elsewhere without proper disclosure or justification.
  • Unauthorized use of data, privacy breaches, or lack of consent.
  • Citation manipulation or evidence of compromised peer-review and systematic manipulation of the editorial process.